- Ronald Phillips (1906-2004): clarinet / conductor, joined AFM 76 in 1920, also played with the Seattle Symphony and was a noted UW instructor.
- Frank Horsfall (1883-1968): flute, joined AFM 76 in 1908, also played
with the Seattle Symphony, and has a major annual flute competition named in his honor.
- Whitney Tustin (1911-2002): english horn / oboe, joined AFM
76 in 1927, also played with the Seattle Symphony and was an important local
oboe teacher.
- Angelo Recchia (1898-1981): clarinet / saxophone / oboe, joined AFM 76 in 1918, and (according to AFM 76-493's Secretary, Kirsten James) was a quite probably another member of the Seattle Symphony.
FOX THEATRE ORCHESTRA (1929)
THE FOX THEATRE (at 7th Avenue & Olive Street) had the historic misfortune of opening on April 19, 1929
– a mere six months before the stock market crash and beginning of the Great Depression. Tough times saw the grand Spanish Baroque-style venue changing ownerships and identities over subsequent years, at times presenting entertainment as the Roxy, the 7th Avenue, the Emerald Palace, and finally the Music Hall (razed in 1992). But, while still doing business as the Fox, its house orchestra included some of Seattle's finest players. Here is a newly unearthed photograph showing the ensemble's dapper woodwind section, who were all prominent members of the town's American Federation of Musicians Local-76. Seen (left-to-right) are:
MERRILL WOMACH: SPOKANE's GOSPEL GREAT
MERRILL WOMACH (February 7, 1927 – December 28, 2014) was the
Spokane-born son of a salesman who began singing publicly at age six. As
a high schooler he hosted his own radio show, and also sang with local
quartet and a choir. While attending Seattle's Northwest Ministerial
College, Womach directed a daily radio program for three years, and also
served as assistant pastor and music director at Spokane's Fourth
Presbyterian Church. He also sang as a soloist with a civic choir, and
then spent a year in Los Angeles making concert, radio and television
appearances.
After entering the mortuary field to work as an undertaker,
in 1958 Merrill also founded a business, the National Music Service, which
provided recordings of his own spirituals (5,000 songs, eventually) along with
one of two primitive playback systems which he leased out to funeral
parlors.That regional business eventually grew into a much larger entity (the Global Distribution Network, Inc.) which serviced 5,000 clients. In 1960 he formed Melodies Divine records in Spokane and released his debut LP, My Song, which featured as many as 42 of his overdubbed vocal lines that created a chorus effect.
Meanwhile, as an aviator, Womach was involved in a plane crash in Beaver Marsh, Oregon, on November 23, 1961. It was an horrific accident which left him disfigured with third degree burns on his hands and his entire head. People magazine reported in 2013 that: "On the race to the hospital he startled his fast-driving benefactors with a song of celebration. 'My doctor says most people burned as badly as I was die from shock....I didn't, I sang. That kept me awake. That kept me alive.'"
A lucky survivor, Womach went on to authorize an autobiography, Tested by Fire, and a documentary film titled He Restoreth My Soul was also made about Womach's accident and subsequent recovery. Merrill began recording again in 1967, cutting over a dozen LPs, and finally died in his sleep on December 28, 2014.
Merrill Womach's recordings include these albums:
- 1960 My Song
- 1967 I Believe in Miracles
- 1968 Merrill Womach Sings Christmas Carols
- 1969 A Time For Us
- 1970 Surely Goodness and Mercy
- 1973 I Stood At Calvary
- 1974 Happy Again
- 1976 Mine Eyes Have Seen The Glory
- 1977 In Concert
- 1977 In Quartet
- 1977 New Life Collectible
- 1979 Images Of Christmas
- 1979 My Favorite Hymns
- 1980 Reborn
- 1981 Classical
- 1981 I'm A Miracle, Lord
- 1981 Merrill
- 1983 Feelin' Good
- 1985 Thank You, Lord
NW MUSIC: THE SAGA OF "LOUIE, LOUIE."
BELOW ARE LINKS to essays detailing
the long history of the Northwest's signature rock 'n' roll song: "Louie, Louie." From 1957, when Richard Berry brought his song here from California; to Seattle's Dave Lewis Combo rockin' it at the Birdland; to its adoption by the Playboys, Little Bill & the Bluenotes, and the Viceroys; to radio hit versions by Rockin' Robin & the Wailers, the Kingsmen, and Paul Revere & the Raiders; then the Sonics booming it for all eternity; a humorous 1980s campaign to get the ditty named Washington State's "official rock song," and ever onwards...
- "The 'Black Roots' of the Original Northwest Sound"
- "Richard Berry (1935—1997): Part I"
- "'Louie Louie' makes Seattle Debut at September 21, 1957 Eagles Hall Dance"
- "'Louie Louie': The Saga of a Northwest Hit Song"
- "Evergreen Ballroom: Olympia's Lost Landmark (1931—2000)"
- "Dave Lewis: Seattle's 1950s R&B Pioneer" (1983)
- "Dave Lewis: The Father of Northwest Rock"
- "Dave Lewis (1938—1998): A Tribute" (1998)
- "Barney Hilliard: Seattle's First Teenage R&B Sax Star"
- "Birdland: Seattle's Fabled '50s R&B Hotspot"
- "Little Bill and the Bluenotes: Tacoma's Teen-R&B Pioneers (1958-1960)"
- "Etiquette Rules! The Northwest's Reigning '60s Garage-Rock Record Company"
- "Rockin' Robin Roberts (1940—1967): Tacoma's Legendary Rock 'n' Roller"
- "Rockin' Robin Roberts: R.I.P."
- "Joe Boles: Seattle's First Hit-Making Audio Engineer"
- "The History of Northwest Rock, Vol. 2: The Garage Years"
- "The Kingsmen: Best of, featuring 'Louie, Louie'" (LP liner notes, 1988)
- "Jerden Records: When the Seattle Music Biz Got Serious"
- "The Viceroys: Seattle Rock Royalty (1958—1966)"
- "The Sonics: Tacoma's '60s Garage-Rock Teen Titans"
- "'Louie Louie' Through the Ages"
- "Garage Rock Anthem ‘Louie Louie’ Turns 50"
NW MUSIC: 1950s ROCKABILLY
BELOW ARE LINKS to essays about
the history of 1950s rockabilly music in the Northwest. From the first gigs in the region by Bill Haley and his Comets in 1955, right on through subsequent ones by Gene Vincent & the Bluecaps, Buddy Holly & the Crickets, Eddie Cochran, Elvis Presley, Ricky Nelson, and all the other touring stars from the deep south and Hollywood. And then the rise of homegrown rockabillies and rockabelles like Clayton Watson & the Silhouettes, the Benny Cliff Trio, Sherree Scott & the Melody Rockers, and more... - "The 1950s Rockabilly Invasion of the Northwest"
- "Hot-Rod Songs of the Northwest (1950-1960)"
- "'Hot Rod Lincoln' hit song by Spokane's Charlie Ryan scores on Billboard Charts (1960)"
- "Rockin' Party: the Northwest's Rockabilly Roots" (1990)
- "Evergreen Ballroom: Olympia's Lost Landmark (1931—2000)"
- "Clayton Watson: Northwest '50s Rockabilly Pioneer" (1983)
- "The Maddy Brothers: Country / Rockabilly Cats (1954—1965)"
- "The Women of Northwest Rock: The First 50 Years (1957—2007)"
NW MUSIC: COUNTRY & FOLK
BELOW ARE LINKS to essays about
the history of hillbilly, country/western, and folk music in the Northwest. From early rural sounds, to Wobbly anthems, pioneering country bands, regional radio hits, roadhouse hoe-downs, folk balladeers, and 1960s folk-rockers.- "Country Music in the Pacific Northwest"
- "Annie Jackson: Seattle's 1800s Banjo Gal"
- "Labor Song Traditions of the Northwest"
- "'Morrie' & Alice Morrison: Northwest Music Industry Pioneers"
- "Evergreen Ballroom: Olympia's Lost Landmark (1931—2000)"
- "The Spanish Castle Ballroom"
- "Paul Tutmarc (1896—1972) & his Audiovox Electric Guitars"
- "Woody Guthrie: His Northwest Days"
- "Seattle Songster, Earl Robinson, & his famous 'Joe Hill' Tune"
- "Ivar Haglund, The Seafood-Selling Songster (1946)"
- "Buck Ritchey: Northwest Country Radio Legend (1915—1973)"
- "Bonnie Guitar: The Northwest's Trail-Blazing Pop Pioneer"
- "'Sheriff Tex' Jim Lewis (1909—1990)"
- "Jack Rivers: Seattle's 1950s Country Guitar Star"
- "Hot-Rod Songs of the Northwest (1950-1960)"
- "Charlie Ryan's 'Hot Rod Lincoln' hits Billboard's Pop Charts in May 1960"
- "Gary Williams: Spokane's 'Travelin' Blues Boy" (1986)
- "Rarest NW Records: Rollie Webber's 'Tired of Livin'' (1959)"
- "The Fairmont Singers: Oregon's Fine Folkies (1962)"
- "Alexys, Seattle folk-pop singer, opens big Beach Boys & Yardbirds concert at the Coliseum (1966)
- "The Daily Flash: Seattle's '60s Folk-Rock Heroes (1965—1967)"
- "Fat Jack: Bellingham's 1st Hippie Folk Band (1966-1968)"
- "Paula Tutmarc-Johnson (1950—2013): A Northwest Songster of Note"
NW MUSIC: JAZZ, R&B & SOUL
BELOW ARE LINKS to essays about
the history of jazz, rhythm & blues, gospel, and soul music in the Northwest. From the earliest jazz gig at Washington Hall; to the founding of the "Negro Musicians' Union;" the rise of Seattle's Jackson Street jazz scene and its stars
–
Ray Charles, Bumps Blackwell, Ernestine Anderson, & Quincy Jones; the coming of '50s R&B and doo-wop; and the emergence of a gospel tradition and a soul scene.
- "Washington Hall (1908—2010)"
- "The 'Negro Musicians' Union,' Seattle Local 493 (1918—1958)"
- "The Black Hawks: Seattle's Legendary Roaring '20s Jazz Band"
- "Blind Radio Five Orchestra: Seattle (1925)"
- "Evergreen Ballroom: Olympia's Lost Landmark (1931—2000)"
- "'Jazz Intoxication' bill introduced to Washington State Legislature (1933)"
- "The Ubangi Club: Seattle's Hot Nitespot (1936—1938)"
- "Tacoma's Musicians Benefit Ball (1937)"
- "Al Smith (1916-2008): Seattle's Jazz Scene Photographer"
- "Al Smith photo exhibit opens at MOHAI (1993)"
- "Louis Jordan rocks Seattle's New Orleans Club: 1940s"
- "Gene Krupa Rocks Seattle's Trianon Ballroom (1946)"
- "Jack McVea & his Door Openers (1946—1948)"
- "The Rocking Chair: Seattle's Fabled 1940s Nightclub"
- "Ray Charles cuts his debut Record: Seattle (1948)"
- "Quincy Jones (b. 1933)"
- "Quincy Jones (& the Lionel Hampton Orchestra) rocks Seattle's Trianon Ballroom on August 31, 1951"
- "Cecil Young's Be-bop Jazz: Seattle (1951)"
- "The 'Negro Musicians' Union,' Seattle Local 493, holds benefit bash in 1951"
- "Jazzman Elmer Gill Fights Seattle's Segregation (1956)"
- "Ernestine Anderson: Jazz Singer"
- "The Mastersounds Jazz Combo Records in Seattle (1957)"
- "Rarest NW Records: the Braxton Quartet's 'White Port' (1950s)"
- "Seattle's Groove Record Shop (1950s)"
- "Billy Tipton: Spokane's Secretive Jazzman"
- "The 'Black Roots' of the Original Northwest Sound"
- "Richard Berry, Los Angeles R&B singer, brings 'Louie Louie' to Seattle on September 21, 1957"
- "Richard Berry (1935—1997): Part I"
- "Birdland: Seattle's Fabled '50s R&B Hotspot"
- "The Barons: The Northwest's First Hit-Making '50s Teen Rock 'n' Roll Group"
- "Four Pearls: Northwest Doo-Wop (1957—1960)"
- "Two segregated musicians' unions, Seattle's AFM Locals 76 & 493, merge in 1958"
- "Dave Lewis: Seattle's 1950s R&B Pioneer" (1983)
- "Dave Lewis: The Father of Northwest Rock"
- "Dave Lewis (1938—1998): A Tribute" (1998)
- "Barney Hilliard: Seattle's first Teenage R&B Sax Star"
- "Vintage Rhythm & Blues of the Pacific Northwest," DISCoveries Magazine, 1990
- "Northwest Rock: The Great Eruption of '59"
- "Seattle Jazzers Think Rock 'n' Roll is 'Disgusting' (1959)"
- "The Gallahads: Seattle's '50s Doo-wop Kings"
- "Ron Holden: Seattle's Sweet '60s Teen Balladeer"
- "Little Willie John: His Final Gigs in Seattle (1964)"
- "Overton Berry (b. 1936)"
- "Overton Berry Trio starts legendary gig at Seattle's Doubletree Inn on June 28, 1969"
- "Patrinell Staten's new soul 45 becomes Seattle radio hit in 1969"
- "Pat Wright: Seattle's Gospel Music Star"
- "Seattle JazzED: A Music Education Organization"
- "Industrial Revelation: Seattle's Jazz 'Geniuses' (2014)"
NW MUSIC: THE GUITAR-MAKERS
BELOW ARE LINKS to essays about
the history of guitar-making and guitar-instruction in the Northwest. From Seattle's Otto Anderson and Port Townsend's Chris Knutsen and their lutherie shops in the 1890s; to Frank Coulter designing and building wild new instruments in the 'teens and '20s [essay coming soon!]; Paul Tutmarc and John Coppock both going electric in the 1930s; Seattle's remarkable franchise schools (the National Institute of Music & Arts) for kids, and onwards to Harvey Thomas' eccentric and eye-popping guitars, Dave Bunker and his visionary "Touch" guitars, and more...- "Otto Anderson (1857—1938): Seattle's Early Guitar-Maker"
- "Audiovox Electric Guitars"
- "Audiovox: The World’s First Electric Bass Guitar Is Discovered!"
- "John Coppock & his Deluxe Electric Guitars (1934—1958)"
- "John Coppock & his Hawaiian Band (1927)"
- "John Coppock, Peshastin's Star Guitarist, Returns from Hollywood for Hometown Concert in 1927"
- "Coppock Guitars: Rarities from the Pacific Northwest"
- "Seattle's National Institute of Music & Arts [NIOMA] (1932—1955)"
- "NIOMA's "Open Air Musical Festival" wows Seattle crowd (1933)"
- "Harvey Hansen & his Hanburt Electric Guitars (1939—1950)"
- "Harvey Thomas (1920-1987): Maker of Electrifying Custom Guitars"
- "The Seattle Daily Times features Harvey Thomas's eccentric and obscure guitar-making company on September 21, 1969"
- "Dave Bunker files Patent Application for his Unique Electric Guitar (1957)"
- "Dave Bunker & his Mind-Blowingly Unique Electric Guitars (1955—2013)"
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